Steps Towards Sustainability In Industry

Sustainability seems to be a newly intensifying area of concern for public, private sectors, civil society, and individuals today. However, sustainability has deep roots dating back to ancient times, focusing on conservation and management of natural resources from agrarian societies to the present day. With the global population increasing, there is greater pressure on Earth's resources. Managing both natural and human resources on a global scale is crucial for the future of all living beings on the planet. The concept of sustainability gained widespread recognition and acceptance with the publication of the “Our Common Future” report by the United Nations in 1987. In this report, sustainable development was defined as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”.

Sustainability is generally categorized under three main components: environment, economy, and society. Activities for a sustainable world can be grouped under three primary sustainability pillars: environmental, economic, and social. These pillars are interconnected with the aim of achieving the balance necessary to meet current and future human needs.

Environmental sustainability encompasses activities aimed at conserving natural resources and maintaining healthy ecosystems. Key activities in this area include the use of renewable energy sources, waste management and recycling, biodiversity conservation, and water resource management.

Economic sustainability focuses on ensuring the continuity of economic growth while promoting efficient use of resources and supporting long-term economic development. Key activities in this area include green economy initiatives, sustainable agricultural practices, energy efficiency efforts, and inclusive and equitable economic growth.

Social sustainability is concerned with enhancing social welfare, ensuring fair living conditions, and promoting social equality. Key activities in this area include education and awareness, health and well-being, social participation and justice, and cultural sustainability initiatives.

Activities carried out and planned under these three main headings for a sustainable world are crucial not only for meeting the needs of current generations but also for future ones. Steps taken at individual, societal, and global levels will play a significant role in constructing a sustainable future.

I would like to mention a few initiatives underway and planned in some sectors of the manufacturing industry regarding the use of renewable energy sources, efficient use of resources (raw materials), waste management, and recycling in the field of environmental sustainability.

Turkish automotive industry plays a significant role in the country's economy, contributing both directly and indirectly, while also impacting Turkiye's technological and societal development. According to the Türkiye Automotive Main Industry Sustainability Report, Türkiye ranks 14th globally in automobile production and 9th in commercial vehicles. Over the past four years, the Turkish automotive sector has notably reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 31% in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, and by 55% in heavy commercial vehicles and construction machinery. Water usage has also decreased by 4% and 45% respectively in these sectors. Efforts in the automotive industry include energy efficiency projects during the production of metal alloys, plastic and composite components, and textile parts. These projects aim to reduce energy consumption, promote the use of recyclable waste as raw materials, and minimize the environmental impact of chemicals used throughout production processes. Additionally, initiatives like "refactory" and "renew" at the Oyak Renault Bursa factory focus on extending the lifespan of existing vehicles through repairs and component refurbishment, thus aiming to minimize raw material and energy use in vehicle production. Moreover, the factory generates 40% of its electricity from renewable sources, further enhancing its sustainability efforts.

Arçelik, a white goods manufacturer, has established an electronic waste recycling facility where valuable raw materials obtained from recycling are used in the production of new products and components. In the white goods sector, recycling of metal alloys and plastic components aims to conserve vital resources through R&D activities aimed at reducing water and electricity consumption to lower levels.

Türkiye's textile sector, another crucial industry, has seen significant strides in recycling and reducing resource usage. Globally renowned firms stand out with projects focused on using recycled materials, reducing water and energy consumption, and obtaining sustainability certifications. Advanced purification systems and closed-loop water systems have enabled some companies to reduce water usage by up to 50%. Energy efficiency projects and the use of renewable energy have also contributed to saving 20-30% in energy consumption. Many textile companies adhere to environmental and social sustainability standards, acquiring certifications like OEKO-TEX and GOTS. They measure and enhance their sustainability performance using indices such as the Higg Index. While consumer awareness and preference for environmentally conscious products have increased, achieving desired levels of response remains a work in progress.

Beyond these sectors, industries causing significant environmental impact are also prioritized under the Border Carbon Adjustment Mechanism, and we will continue to monitor their sustainability efforts.